Two-speed capacitor motor



Jan. 26, 1937. E MICHELSEN 2,069,077

TWO-SPEED CAPACITOR MOTOR filed July 51, 1956 In vent, or

G Eberhard Michelsen is Attorney- Patented Jan. 26 193? rEo ration oi New York Anniication .i'niy 3i,

My ii tion relates to two speed spiit nhase motors o n :.ts o'oiect is to provide such motors in which two speech; are obtained witii simpie connec the same phase-splitting cic- 5 vice starting and, where the phase s o led or out out alter starting, the switcion arrangement may he used for the d iierent s Likewise, if a capacitor is useci'ior R power 1' improvement while a same ca itor may Ice used for the two different speeds. ie two oifierent speeds may he in the same Jnosite directions of rotation.

ttres of my invention which are izelieved be novel and patentabie will be pointed out in ing normal operation; Fig. 2 represents the invention applied to a capacitor motor where the the starting capacitor is cut out during normal operation; and. Fig. 3 represents the invention a 25 of the capacity used. for starting is used during normal operation.

Referring to the drawing in which like parts are designated by like reference numerals in the three n mes, it represents the motor rotor of the squirrel cage variety, and 52 represent stator windings of one pole number which are displaced about ninety degrees from each othen and and it represent stator pri dings of pole number which spiaced about ninety degrees from Windings ti and iii may ice six pole nod for clockwise rotation and windings nay he Eoonpoie windings for counter- .207 ciocizwise it will he evident th n erciociiwise operating speed w he i ciocitwise operating speed. rep= tch connected to one iine terminal eiecting tile direction of tor and for energizing and deener-gizing tor. I

in Ii, represents a phase-shifting device, such as condenser, which is permanently connected between iine terminal to, common to one end of both main windings i2 and i i, and connection 3i, common to one end of both starting windings ii and it. Condenser it serves as the phase-=spiitting means for both directions of rotation and speeds. This motor may be termed a permanent phase split motor because the conrotation of the me the mowhere the starting capacitor is left in circuit durplied. to a capacitor motor Where onlya portion Serial No.

iss ers) cienser is used for eta 1g as weil as for power ctor improvement i hen the'motor is opera on. The I v riding and condenser mains in circuit ng normal operation.

, wiii he noted. with switch on the con tacts leading to the other en" windings i3 and M, respectively, winding connected. directly across theli e and v.

is connected across the line oroiigh conoe: LliOiJOlti'iLaS starts with winding the starting wind and runs conntercio as a iour -nole-rootor. i the meantime, the s pole windings it and. are open at contacts L 3 and To start and operate clockwise as siizpoie motor, switch is cioseci on contacts and This connects winding 62 directiy across is, winding 11 across iine in series with. condenser it, and windings iii and it are then open. at contacts ii! and it isthus seen that the condenser it serves for operation in both direc tions of rotation for the two different speeds with no change in connections except those accomplished by switch ii it is desired that the six-pole operation ice counterclockwise instead of clockwise, either winding M or it may be reversed. Likewise, it is desirable that the iour-poie operation oe reversed, this may be accomplished by reversing either winding [13 or i i. A. change in direction of four-pole operation only does not interfere with the direction oneration for sin poles a vice versa. iii it is desirable to reverse the rection of motor operation for Tooth pole 1 here, the simplest way to do it is to shift ii terminal to the common conneeti Windings and i i then used as star windings and windings ii and as it This method shonid he used only who windings properiy designed. for such. oneration.

"rig. 2 is similar to provided automatic switch the starting windi g circuit with he condo: oer to after the motor started. automatic switch is operated acentriiugai governor cicvice 23 rnigiit he otherwise operate i i here a centrifugal device is used, should he an ranged to open switch at a speed heiow minimum normai operating speed on the sis-pole winding. it wiil open sooner than is necessary when starting on the high-speed four-pole wind ing butnot too soon to seriously impair the splitphase starting operation of the motor.

Fig. 3 is similar to the arrangement of Fig. i.

r cuttin windings II and I3 and by wire 21 to contacts 28. and 29 associated with switch I5. It is evident, that, with switch l5 in the open position, as shown, relay 25 is deenergized as are likewise all motor windings. When switch I5 is closed on contacts l1, l8, and 28, the four-pole main winding l4is connected across the line l9, the tour-pole starting winding 'i3.is connected across the line in series with condensers I 6 and 24 in parallel, and the energizing coil of the relay 25 is connected across starting winding 53, this being established through switch blade 15 and contacts ll and 28. The motor thus starts and, as soon as the voltage across starting winding l3 in-- creases, as it will when the motor approaches normal four-pole operating speed, relay switch 25 will pull up and cut out condenser 24, thus reducing the capacity to that represented by condenser NS for normal operation.

When switch i5 is thrown to contacts 20, M, and 29 for clockwise rotation, the six-pole main winding i2 is connected across the line, the sixpole starting winding ii is connected in series with condensers it and 24 in parallel across the line, and the winding relay 25 becomes connected across starting winding l l through switch blade i5 and contacts 2!! and 29. The motor starts in a clockwise direction and, as it approaches normal six-pole operating speed, the voltage across winding ll will increase to the operating voltage of relay 25 and it will pull up to cut out condenser 24, reducing the capacity to that represented by condenser l6 for normal I six-pole operation.

The relay operating voltage across the starting windings for both directions of rotation will occur at approximately the same percentage of synchronous speed in each case and, consequent= 1y, can be readily -made to occur at the proper speeds in each case. It will be evident that the starting and operating conditions for the different speeds and directions of rotation will be those normally present in well designed split-phase motors although the different speeds and directions of operation employ'the same simple phasesplitting and control arrangement. I

In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes, I have described the principle of operation of my invention together with the apparatus which I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof but I desire to. have it understood that the apparatus shown is only illustrative and that the invention may be carried out by other means.

What I claim is new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States:

connected between said terminal andsaid connection, a second line terminal, and an energizing switch for the motor for connecting said second line terminal to the other ends of the main and start windings of one pole number or to the other ends of the main and start windings of the other pole number.

2. A split-phase motor having main and start windings of one pole number and main and start windings of another pole number, a line terminal connected to one end of each main winding, a connection between one end of each start winding, a circuit including an automatic switch and a phase-shifting device connected between said line terminal and said connection, a second line terminal, a motor-energizing switch for selectively connecting said second line terminal to the other ends of the main and start windings of one pole number or to the other ends of the main and start windingsof the-other pole number, and means responsive to the speed of the motor for opening said automatic switch as the motor comes up to speed when operating on windings of eitherpole number.

3. A split-phase motor having main and start windings of one pole number and main and start windingsof another pole number, a line terminal connected to one end of each main winding, a connection between one end of each start winding, a circuit including capacity connected between said terminal and said connection, a sec- 0nd line terminal, a motor-energizing switch for selectively connecting said second line terminal to the other ends of the main and start windings of one pole number or to the other ends of the main and start windings of the other pole number, and means responsive to the speed of the motor when operating on either pole number windings for reducing the value of said capacity as the motor approaches operating speed.

4. A reversible split-phase motor having main and start windings of one pole number for operating in one direction and main and start wind-.

ings of another pole number for operating in the reverse direction, a line terminal connected to two start windings for shifting the phase of the current supplied therethrough, a second line terminal and an energizing switch for the motor adapted to connect said second line terminal to the other ends of the windings of one pole numher for operating the motor in one direction at one speed and to connect said second line terother pole number, the circuits thus established through the start windings including means for shifting the phase of the current therein with respect to the phase of the current in the main windings, and means for disconnecting the starting windings from said first mentioned terminal -as the motor comes up to speed when operating on either pole number windings.

6. A two-speed split-phase motor having main and start windings of two different vpole numbers, a line terminal connected to supply energy to one end of all four of the momr windings, a

or to the other ends of the windings of the other pole number, and connections established by said manually-operated switch when thus selectively operated for connecting the coil of said relay across the starting winding which is selected for 5 energization.

G EBERHARD MICHEL-SEN. 

